by Jacopo Bellasio, Joanna Hofman, Antonia Ward, Fook Nederveen, Anna Knack, Arya Sofia Meranto, Stijn Hoorens
Research Questions
What is meant past times counterterrorism policy inwards the Netherlands in addition to other countries? And what unlike types of counterterrorism in addition to preventing in addition to countering vehement extremism measures, policies in addition to interventions tin survive distinguished inwards the Netherlands in addition to abroad? What evaluations of counterterrorism in addition to preventing in addition to countering vehement extremism policies cause got been conducted over the final 5 years inwards the Netherlands in addition to abroad? What tin survive said almost counterterrorism in addition to preventing in addition to countering vehement extremism evaluations characteristics? What are the differences in addition to similarities betwixt the identified evaluations of counterterrorism in addition to preventing in addition to countering vehement extremism policies? What does the evaluation literature enjoin almost lineament criteria for evaluations? To what extent do the identified counterterrorism in addition to preventing in addition to countering vehement extremism evaluations run across these lineament criteria? In 2010, a study commissioned past times the Research in addition to Documentation Centre (Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek- en Documentatiecentrum, WODC) inwards the Netherlands outset aimed to assess evaluation practise in addition to civilization inwards the fields of counterterrorism (CT) in addition to preventing in addition to countering vehement extremism (PCVE). Seven years on from this initial study, inwards lite of the continuous developments in addition to investments occurring inwards the fields of CT in addition to PCVE, in that place was a growing necessity for a renewed analysis of how strategies, policies in addition to initiatives inwards these fields are evaluated in addition to what advances could survive made.
Mindful of this, inwards Dec 2017 the WODC commissioned RAND Europe to behave a study aimed at investigating how evaluations of CT in addition to PCVE policies inwards the Netherlands in addition to abroad cause got been designed in addition to conducted over the final 5 years, in addition to what practical lessons tin survive drawn regarding such evaluations.
To accomplish this goal, the study entailed the task of 3 interconnected interrogation tasks. First, the study opened alongside the production of an inventory of evaluations of CT in addition to PCVE strategies, policies in addition to interventions conducted since 1 Jan 2013. In parallel to this, the study squad developed an analytical framework to survive used for assessing evaluations collected. Lastly, the study squad conducted a structured analysis in addition to review of the evaluations inventory.
This written report discusses the activities, results in addition to findings of this study in addition to presents recommendations for futurity piece of employment inwards this area. It is aimed at a specialist audience of academics, practitioners in addition to policy-makers alongside an intimate agreement of evaluation, especially inwards the context of CT in addition to PCVE.
Key Findings
The scope, operate in addition to activities characterising CT cause got evolved inwards recent years inwards parallel alongside the increase of the PCVE field. This is both a reply to changes inwards the threat landscape in addition to a number of a growing agreement of terrorism in addition to vehement extremism. Dutch regime cause got designed in addition to implemented a broad array of CT in addition to PCVE legislation in addition to measures, inwards recognition of the demand for an approach that goes beyond traditional CT measures.
The study produced an inventory comprising of 48 CT in addition to PCVE evaluations manuscripts (38 inwards English, half dozen inwards Dutch in addition to four inwards German). These were analysed through an analytical framework to position trends, patterns in addition to characteristics of CT in addition to PCVE evaluation.
When compared alongside results from previous reviews, results from this study propose that a growing book of CT in addition to PCVE evaluations is beingness undertaken in addition to that the bulk of these rely on master copy information from multiple sources, perspectives in addition to methods. Nonetheless, in that place look to survive limits to the extent to which evaluation practise has advanced in addition to grown evenly across all areas of CT in addition to PCVE piece of employment equally pregnant gaps in addition to shortcomings proceed to mar a number of evaluations (e.g. evaluations characterised past times designs that undermine their mightiness to depict robust conclusions almost an initiative's impact).
A number of issues in addition to challenges proceed to mar evaluations inwards the fields of CT in addition to PCVE, non all of them are exclusive to these fields. Lessons in addition to reflections identified from evaluations reviewed pertain to: (i) inherent complexities of the fields of CT in addition to PCVE; (ii) challenges associated alongside criterion real-world phenomena; (iii) challenges associated alongside existing evaluation designs; (iv) practical difficulties of conducting evaluations; in addition to (v) drawbacks in addition to benefits of specific evaluation methods.
Recommendations
Continue to invest inwards the evaluation of planned in addition to existing initiatives inwards the CT in addition to PCVE policy areas, setting minimum lineament in addition to robustness requirements for futurity evaluations.
Develop novel evaluation designs, frameworks in addition to approaches for conducting evaluation inwards the CT in addition to PCVE policy areas, encouraging the adoption wherever possible of (quasi-)experimental designs.
Encourage farther interrogation on the dynamics, drivers in addition to factors governing the phenomena of radicalisation, vehement extremism in addition to terrorism.
Conduct regularly mapping in addition to stocktaking exercises akin to the introduce study, providing resources in addition to way required to gain access to CT in addition to PCVE initiatives' evaluators in addition to beneficiaries.
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