As the book of legitimate cross-border fiscal transactions in addition to investment has grown inwards recent decades, thus also accept illicit fiscal flows (IFFs or muddied money). IFFs derive from in addition to sustain a diverseness of crimes, from drug trafficking, terrorism, in addition to sanctions-busting to bribery, corruption, in addition to taxation evasion. These IFFs impose large, though difficult to measure, costs on national in addition to global welfare. IFFs in addition to their predicate crimes thwart broader national in addition to international goals past times undermining dominion of law, threatening fiscal stability, hindering economical development, in addition to reducing international security. The tide of muddied coin has drawn attending from a growing number of actors, including national governments, international organizations, civil lodge organizations, in addition to mortal fiscal enterprises, which accept constructed an intricate array of national in addition to global measures in addition to institutions to scrap IFFs. As the Definition of IFFs has expanded in addition to the policy agenda has lengthened, however, deficiencies in addition to drawbacks inwards these collective efforts to curb IFFs accept larn apparent. Accurate measuring has non kept stride amongst the expanding Definition of IFFs. Effectiveness of existing policies in addition to programs to counter IFFs is uncertain. Political attending fluctuates, affecting both international in addition to interagency coordination in addition to national implementation. These shortcomings boundary the efficacy of global efforts to scrap IFFs.
Global Governance to Combat Illicit Financial Flows: Measurement, Evaluation, Innovation includes contributions from half-dozen authors, who map the contours of global governance inwards this number surface area in addition to regard how best to define in addition to mensurate flows of muddied money. Improvements inwards the evaluation of existing policies equally good equally innovations that would growth the effectiveness of global governance are amid the pressing issues covered inwards this collection. The authors outline an agenda for time to come activity that volition inform collective activity to scrap IFFs on the piece of occupation of public, private, in addition to nongovernmental actors.
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